Selected Publications
Indirect excitons in CQW
L. V. Butov. Excitonic devices in 2D heterostructures, Semiconductors and Semimetals (2023).
Contribution to a book on Optoexcitonics in 2D materials: Physics and applications
D. J. Choksy*, E. A. Szwed*, L. V. Butov, K. W. Baldwin, L. N. Pfeiffer. Fermi edge singularity in neutral electron–hole system, arXiv:2209.06026 (2022), Nat. Phys. 19, 1275 (2023).
L. H. Fowler-Gerace*, Zhiwen Zhou*, E. A. Szwed, D. J. Choksy, L. V. Butov. Transport and localization of indirect excitons in a van der Waals heterostructure, arXiv:2307.00702 (2023).
J.R. Leonard, Lunhui Hu, A.A. High, A.T. Hammack, Congjun Wu, L.V. Butov, K.L. Campman, A.C. Gossard. Moiré pattern of interference dislocations in condensate of indirect excitons, Nature Commun. 12, 1175 (2021).
Featured in UC San Diego News Center.
L. H. Fowler-Gerace, D. J. Choksy, L. V. Butov. Voltage-controlled long-range propagation of indirect excitons in van der Waals heterostructure, arXiv:2101.01262 (2021), Phys. Rev. B 104, 165302 (2021).
D. J. Choksy, Chao Xu, M. M. Fogler, L. V. Butov, J. Norman, and A. C. Gossard. Attractive and repulsive dipolar interaction in bilayers of indirect excitons, arXiv:2011.06084 (2020), Phys. Rev. B 103, 045126 (2021).
Editor’s Suggestion in Physical Review B.
L.V. Butov. Condensation of indirect excitons, MRS Bulletin 45, 380 (2020).
Contribution for the issue of MRS Bulletin on Emergent Quantum Materials.
E. V. Calman, L. H. Fowler-Gerace, D. J. Choksy, L. V. Butov, D. E.Nikonov, I. A. Young, S. Hu, A. Mishchenko, and A. K. Geim. Indirect excitons and trions in MoSe2/WSe2 van der Waals heterostructures, arXiv:1901.08664 (2019), Nano Lett. 20, 1869 (2020).
J.R. Leonard, Lunhui Hu, A.A. High, A.T. Hammack, Congjun Wu, L.V. Butov, K.L. Campman, A.C. Gossard. Interference dislocations in condensate of indirect excitons, arXiv:1910.06387 (2019).
Chao Xu, J. R. Leonard, C. J. Dorow, L. V. Butov, M. M. Fogler, D. E. Nikonov, and I. A. Young. Exciton Gas Transport through Nanoconstrictions, arXiv:1905.01619 (2019), Nano Lett. 19, 5373 (2019).
C.J. Dorow, M.W. Hasling, D.J. Choksy, J.R. Leonard, L.V. Butov, K.W. West, L.N. Pfeiffer. High-mobility indirect excitons in wide single quantum well, arXiv:1810.01057 (2018), Appl. Phys. Lett. 113, 212102 (2018).
C.J. Dorow, J.R. Leonard, M.M. Fogler, L.V. Butov, K.W. West, L.N. Pfeiffer. Split-gate device for indirect excitons, arXiv:1801.01553 (2018), Appl. Phys. Lett. 112, 183501 (2018).
Featured on Applied Physics Letters cover.
E.V. Calman, M.M. Fogler, L.V. Butov, S. Hu, A. Mishchenko, A.K. Geim. Indirect excitons in van der Waals heterostructures at room temperature, arXiv:1709.07043 (2017), Nature Commun. 9, 1895 (2018).
Featured in UC San Diego News Center.
J.R. Leonard, A.A. High, A.T. Hammack, M.M. Fogler, L.V. Butov, K.L. Campman, A.C. Gossard. Pancharatnam-Berry phase in condensate of indirect excitons, arXiv:1709.00533 (2017), Nature Commun. 9, 2158 (2018).
Featured in UC San Diego's New's Center, phys.org, and livescience.tech.
S.V. Lobanov, N.A. Gippius, S.G. Tikhodeev, L.V. Butov. Control of light polarization by voltage tunable excitonic metasurfaces, arXiv:1709.01771 (2017), Appl. Phys. Lett. 111, 241101 (2017).
L. V. Butov. Excitonic Devices, Superlattices Microstruct. 108, 2 (2017).
Contribution for the Superlattices and Microstructures Special Issue on Indirect Excitons.
C. J. Dorow, M. W. Hasling, E. V. Calman, L. V. Butov, J. Wilkes, K. L. Campman, and A. C. Gossard. Spatially and time-resolved imaging of transport of indirect excitons in high magnetic fields, arXiv:1705.09077 (2017), Phys. Rev. B 95, 235308 (2017).
Y. Y. Kuznetsova, C. J. Dorow, E. V. Calman, L. V. Butov, J. Wilkes, K. L. Campman, and A. C. Gossard. Transport of indirect excitons in high magnetic fields, arXiv:1610.03116v1 (2016), Phys. Rev. B 95, 125304 (2017).
S.V. Lobanov, N.A. Gippius, L.V. Butov. Theory of condensation of indirect excitons in a trap, arXiv:1609.00357 (2016), Phys. Rev. B 94, 245401 (2016).
L. V. Butov. Collective phenomena in cold indirect excitons, JETP 122, 434 (2016).
Contribution for the JETP special issue in honor of L.V. Keldysh’s 85th birthday.
C. J. Dorow, Y. Y. Kuznetsova, J. R. Leonard, M. K. Chu, L. V. Butov, J. Wilkes, M. Hanson, A. C. Gossard. Indirect excitons in a potential energy landscape created by a perforated electrode, arXiv:1602.02709 (2016), Appl. Phys. Lett. 108, 073502 (2016).
P.Andreakou, A. V. Mikhailov, S. Cronenberger, D. Scalbert, A. Nalitov, A. V. Kavokin, M. Nawrocki, L. V. Butov, A. C. Gossard, M. Vladimirova. Influence of magnetic quantum confined Stark effect on the spin lifetime of indirect excitons, arXiv:1601.00427 (2016), Phys. Rev. B 93, 115410 (2016).
Editor’s Suggestion in Physical Review B.
E. V. Calman, C. J. Dorow, M. M. Fogler, L. V. Butov, S. Hu, A. Mishchenko, A. K. Geim. Control of excitons in multi-layer van der Waals heterostructures, arXiv:1510.04410 (2015), Appl. Phys. Lett. 108, 101901 (2016).
Featured on Applied Physics Letters journal cover and in Phys.org.
M. Remeika, J. R. Leonard, C. J. Dorow, M. M. Fogler, L. V. Butov, M. Hanson, and A. C. Gossard. Measurement of exciton correlations using electrostatic lattices, arXiv:1508.04407v1 (2015), Phys. Rev. B 92, 115311 (2015).
Editor’s Suggestion in Physical Review B.
Y. Y. Kuznetsova, F. Fedichkin, P. Andreakou, E. V. Calman, L. V. Butov, P. Lefebvre, T. Bretagnon, T. Guillet, M. Vladimirova, C. Morhain, and J.M. Chauveau. Transport of indirect excitons in ZnO quantum wells, arXiv:1503.03089 (2015), Opt. Lett. 40 (15), 3667-3670 (2015).
Sen Yang, L.V. Butov, B.D. Simons, K.L.Campman, A.C. Gossard. Fluctuation and commensurability effect of exciton density wave, arXiv:1502.02101 (2015), Phys. Rev. B 91, 245302 (2015).
Y.Y. Kuznetsova, P. Andreakou, M.W. Hasling, J.R. Leonard, E.V. Calman, L.V. Butov, M. Hanson, A.C. Gossard. Two-dimensional snowflake trap for indirect excitons, Opt. Lett. 40, 589 (2015).
M.W. Hasling, Y.Y. Kuznetsova, P. Andreakou, J.R. Leonard, E.V. Calman, C.J. Dorow, L.V. Butov, M. Hanson, A.C. Gossard. Stirring potential for indirect excitons, arXiv:1410.0622 (2014), J. Appl. Phys. 117, 023108 (2015).
P. Andreakou, S. Cronenberger, D. Scalbert, A. Nalitov, N.A. Gippius, A.V. Kavokin, M. Nawrocki, J.R. Leonard, L.V. Butov, K.L. Campman, A.C. Gossard, M. Vladimirova. Nonlinear optical spectroscopy of indirect excitons in biased coupled quantum wells, arXiv:1407.5500 (2014). Phys. Rev. B 91, 125437 (2015).
M.M. Fogler, L.V. Butov, K.S. Novoselov. High-temperature superfluidity with indirect excitons in van der Waals heterostructures, arXiv:1404.1418 (2014), Nature Commun. 5, 4555 (2014).
Featured in UC San Diego News Center.
A.V. Nalitov, M. Vladimirova, A.V. Kavokin, L.V. Butov, and N.A. Gippius. Nonlinear optical probe of indirect excitons, arXiv:1311.0165 (2014), Phys. Rev. B 89, 155309 (2014).
P. Andreakou, S.V. Poltavtsev, J.R. Leonard, E.V. Calman, M. Remeika, Y.Y. Kuznetsova, L.V. Butov, J. Wilkes, M. Hanson, A.C. Gossard. Optically controlled excitonic transistor, arXiv.org:1310.7842 (2013), Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 091101 (2014).
Featured on Applied Physics Letters journal cover.
M. Remeika, A.T. Hammack, S. Poltavtsev, L.V. Butov, J. Wilkes, A.L. Ivanov, K.L. Campman, M. Hanson, A.C. Gossard. Patterns formation in the exciton inner ring, arXiv:1304.5246 (2013), Phys. Rev. B 88, 125307 (2013).
A.A. High, A.T. Hammack, J.R. Leonard, Sen Yang, L.V. Butov, T. Ostatnicky, M. Vladimirova, A.V. Kavokin, T.C.H. Liew, K.L. Campman, A.C. Gossard. Spin currents in a coherent exciton gas, arxiv:1302.3852 (2013), Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 246403 (2013).
J.R. Leonard, M. Remeika, M.K. Chu, Y.Y. Kuznetsova, A.A. High, L.V. Butov, J. Wilkes, M. Hanson and A.C. Gossard. Transport of Indirect Excitons in a Potential Energy Gradient, arXiv:1203.6239v2 (2012), Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 231106 (2012).
A.A. High, J.R. Leonard, M. Remeika, L.V. Butov, M. Hanson, A.C. Gossard, Condensation of excitons in a trap, arXiv:1110.1337v2 (2011), Nano Lett. 12 (5), 2605-2609 (2012).
Featured in Nature Nanotechnology research highlights, UC San Diego News Center, and Science Editor’s Choice.
Y. Y. Kuznetsova, J. R. Leonard, L. V. Butov, J. Wilkes, E. A. Muljarov, K. L. Campman, and A. C. Gossard, Excitation energy dependence of the exciton inner ring, arXiv:1202.3096 (2012), Phys. Rev. B 85, 165452 (2012).
A.A. High, J.R. Leonard, A.T. Hammack, M.M. Fogler, L.V. Butov, A.V. Kavokin, K.L. Campman, A.C. Gossard, Spontaneous Coherence in a Cold Exciton Gas, arXiv:1109.0253v2 (2011), Nature 483, 584 (2012).
Featured in UC San Diego News Center.
M. Remeika, M. M. Fogler, L. V. Butov, M. Hanson, and A. C. Gossard, Two-dimensional electrostatic lattices for indirect excitons, arXiv:1109.6659v1 (2011), Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 061103 (2012).
A.A. High, A.T. Hammack, J.R. Leonard, Sen Yang, L.V. Butov, T. Ostatnicky, A.V. Kavokin, A.C. Gossard, Spin Texture in a Cold Exciton Gas, arXiv:1103.0321v1 (2011), Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 246403 (2013).
A. G. Winbow, J. R. Leonard, M. Remeika, Y. Y. Kuznetsova, A. A. High, A. T. Hammack, L. V. Butov, J. Wilkes, A. A. Guenther, A. L. Ivanov, M. Hanson, A. C. Gossard, Electrostatic Conveyer for Excitons, arXiv:1102.5329v1 (2011), Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 196806 (2011).
Editor’s Suggestion in Physical Review Letters and highlighted in APS Physics.
Y. Y. Kuznetsova, A. A. High, and L. V. Butov, Control of excitons by laterally modulated electrode density, Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 201106 (2010).
Y. Y. Kuznetsova, M. Remeika, A. A. High, A. T. Hammack, L. V. Butov, M. Hanson, and A. C. Gossard, All-optical excitonic transistor, Optics Letters, 35 (10), 1587-1589 (2010).
Sen Yang, L. V. Butov, L. S. Levitov, B. D. Simons, A. C. Gossard, Exciton front propagation in photoexcited GaAs quantum wells, arXiv:0908.2978v1 (2009); Phys. Rev. B 81, 115320 (2010).
G. Grosso, J. Graves, A. T. Hammack, A. A. High, L. V. Butov, M. Hanson and A. C. Gossard, Excitonic switches operating at around 100 K, Nature Photonics 3, 577 - 580 (2009).
Featured in Nature Photonics News and Views, Interview, and UC San Diego News Center.
J.R. Leonard, Y.Y. Kuznetsova, Sen Yang, L.V. Butov, T. Ostatnicky, A. Kavokin, and A.C. Gossard, Spin transport of excitons, arXiv:0905.2216v1, Nano Lett. 9 (12), 4204-4208 (2009).
A.T. Hammack, L.V. Butov, J. Wilkes, L. Mouchliadis, E.A. Muljarov, A.L. Ivanov, A.C. Gossard, Kinetics of the inner ring in the exciton emission pattern in GaAs coupled quantum wells, arXiv:0909.0790v1 (2009), Phys. Rev. B 80, 155331 (2009).
Editor’s Suggestion in Physical Review B.
A. A. High, A. K. Thomas, G. Grosso, M. Remeika, A. T. Hammack, A. D. Meyertholen, M. M. Fogler, L. V. Butov, M. Hanson, and A. C. Gossard, Trapping indirect excitons in a GaAs quantum-well structure with a diamond-shaped electrostatic trap, arXiv:0906.0639v1 (2009); Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 087403 (2009).
M. Remeika, J. C. Graves, A. T. Hammack, A. D. Meyertholen, M. M. Fogler, L. V. Butov, M. Hanson, and A. C. Gossard, Localization-Delocalization Transition of Indirect Excitons in Lateral Electrostatic Lattices, arXiv:0901.1349v1 (2009); Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 186803 (2009).
A.A. High, A.T. Hammack, L.V. Butov, L. Mouchliadis, A.L. Ivanov, M. Hanson, and A.C. Gossard, Indirect excitons in elevated traps, arXiv:0804.4886 (2008), Nano Lett., 9 (5), 2094 - 2098 (2009).
A.G. Winbow, L.V. Butov, and A.C. Gossard, Photon storage with sub-nanosecond readout rise time in coupled quantum wells, arXiv:0807.4920v1 (2008), J. Appl. Phys. 104, 063515 (2008).
A.A. High, E.E. Novitskaya, L.V. Butov, and A.C. Gossard, Control of Exciton Fluxes in an Excitonic Integrated Circuit, Science 321, 229-231 (2008).
Featured in Nature Physics News and Views, Nature Nanotechnology research highlights, MIT Technology Review, Scientific American, IEEE Spectrum, IOP Physics World, and UC San Diego News Center.
M.M. Fogler, Sen Yang, A.T. Hammack, L.V. Butov, and A.C. Gossard, Effect of spatial resolution on the estimates of the coherence length of excitons in quantum wells, arXiv:0804.2686 (2008); Phys. Rev. B 78, 035411 (2008).
L.V. Butov, Cold exciton gases in coupled quantum well structures, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 19, 295202 (2007).
A.T. Hammack, L.V. Butov, L. Mouchliadis, A.L. Ivanov, and A.C. Gossard, Kinetics of indirect excitons in an optically-induced trap in GaAs quantum wells, arXiv:0706.4194v1 (2007); Phys. Rev. B 76, 193308 (2007).
A.A. High, A.T. Hammack, L.V. Butov, and A.C. Gossard, Exciton optoelectronic transistor, Optics Lett. 32, 2466-2468 (2007).
Featured in Nature Photonics research highlights.
Sen Yang, A.V. Mintsev, A.T. Hammack, L.V. Butov, and A.C. Gossard, Repulsive interaction in the macroscopically ordered exciton state in GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs coupled quantum well structures, arXiv:cond-mat/0608342v2 (2006); Phys. Rev. B 75, 033311 (2007).
A.G. Winbow, A.T. Hammack, L.V. Butov, and A.C. Gossard, Photon Storage with Nanosecond Switching in Coupled Quantum Well Nanostructures, Nano Lett. 7, 1349-1351 (2007).
Sen Yang, A.T. Hammack, M.M. Fogler, L.V. Butov, and A.C. Gossard, Coherence length of cold exciton gases in coupled quantum wells, arXiv:cond-mat/0606683v1 (2006); Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 187402 (2006).
Featured in Nature research highlights, UC San Diego News Center, and AIP Physics News Update.
A.T. Hammack, M. Griswold, L.V. Butov, L.E. Smallwood, A.L. Ivanov, and A.C. Gossard, Trapping of cold excitons in quantum well structures with laser light, arXiv:cond-mat/0603597v1 (2006); Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 227402 (2006).
A.T. Hammack, N.A. Gippius, Sen Yang, G.O. Andreev, L.V. Butov, M. Hanson, and A.C. Gossard, Excitons in electrostatic traps, arXiv:cond-mat/0504045v1 (2005); J. Appl. Phys. 99, 066104 (2006).
A.L. Ivanov, L.E. Smallwood, A.T. Hammack, Sen Yang, L.V. Butov, and A.C. Gossard, Origin of the inner ring in photoluminescence patterns of quantum well excitons, arXiv:cond-mat/0509097v1 (2005); Europhys. Lett. 73, 920-926 (2006).
L.S. Levitov, B.D. Simons, and L.V. Butov. Pattern formation as a signature of quantum degeneracy in a cold exciton system, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 176404 (2005), arXiv:cond-mat/0403377v1 (2004).
L.V. Butov, Condensation of and pattern formation in cold exciton gases in coupled quantum wells, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16, R1577 (2004).
L.V. Butov, L.S. Levitov, A.V. Mintsev, B.D. Simons, A.C. Gossard, and D.S. Chemla, Formation mechanism and low-temperature instability of exciton rings, arXiv:cond-mat/0308117v1; Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 117404 (2004).
L.V. Butov, Exciton condensation in coupled quantum wells, Solid State Communications 127, 89-98 (2003).
L.V. Butov, A.C. Gossard, and D.S. Chemla, Macroscopically ordered state in an exciton system, arXiv:cond-mat/0204482v1 April 22, 2002; Nature 418, 751 (2002).
L.V. Butov, C.W. Lai, A.L. Ivanov, A.C. Gossard, and D.S. Chemla, Towards Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons in potential traps, Nature 417, 47 (2002).
Yu.E. Lozovik, I.V. Ovchinnikov, S.Yu. Volkov, L.V. Butov, and D.S. Chemla, Quasi two-dimensional excitons in finite magnetic fields, Phys. Rev. B 65, 235304 (2002).
L.V. Butov, C.W. Lai, D.S. Chemla, Yu.E. Lozovik, K.L. Campman, and A.C. Gossard, Observation of magnetically induced effective mass enhancement of quasi 2D excitons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 216804 (2001).
L.V. Butov, A.L. Ivanov, A. Imamoglu, P.B. Littlewood, A.A. Shashkin, V.T. Dolgopolov, K.L. Campman, and A.C. Gossard, Stimulated scattering of indirect excitons in coupled quantum wells: Signature of a degenerate Bose-gas of excitons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5608 (2001).
L.V. Butov, A. Imamoglu, K.L. Campman, and A.C. Gossard, Coulomb effects in spatially separated electron and hole layers in coupled quantum wells, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 119, 301 (2001) [JETP 92, 260 (2001)].
L.V. Butov, A. Imamoglu, A.A. Shashkin, V.T. Dolgopolov, A.V. Mintsev, S.G. Feklisov, K.L. Campman, and A.C. Gossard, Nonlinear Photoluminescence Kinetics of Indirect Excitons in Coupled Quantum Wells, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 178, 83 (2000).
L.V. Butov, A.V. Mintsev, Yu.E. Lozovik, K.L. Campman, and A.C. Gossard, From spatially-indirect to momentum-space-indirect exciton by in-pane magnetic field, Phys. Rev. B 62, 1548 (2000), arXiv:cond-mat/9912242v1 (1999).
L.V. Butov, A. Imamoglu, A.V. Mintsev, K.L. Campman, and A.C. Gossard, Photoluminescence kinetics of indirect excitons in GaAs/AlGaAs coupled quantum wells, Phys. Rev. B 59, 1625 (1999).
L.V. Butov, A.V. Mintsev, A.I. Filin, and K. Eberl, Kinetics of indirect photoluminescence in GaAs/AlGaAs double quantum wells in a random potential with a large amplitude, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 115, 1890 (1999) [JETP 88, 1036 (1999)].
L.V. Butov, A.A. Shashkin, V.T. Dolgopolov, K.L. Campman, and A.C. Gossard, Magneto-optics of the spatially separated electron and hole layers in GaAs/AlGaAs coupled quantum wells, Phys. Rev. B 60, 8753 (1999).
L.V. Butov and A.I. Filin, Anomalous transport and luminescence of indirect excitons in AlAs/GaAs coupled quantum wells as evidence for exciton condensation, Phys. Rev. B 58, 1980 (1998).
L.V. Butov and A.I. Filin, Energy relaxation and transport of indirect excitons in AlAs/GaAs coupled quantum wells in high magnetic fields, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 114, 1115 (1998) [JETP 87, 608-611 (1998)].
L.V. Butov, A. Zrenner, G. Abstreiter, A.V. Petinova, K. Eberl, Direct and indirect magnetoexcitons in symmetric InGaAs/GaAs coupled quantum wells, Phys. Rev. B 52, 12153 (1995).
L.V. Butov, A. Zrenner, G. Abstreiter, G. Böhm, G. Weimann, Condensation of indirect excitons in coupled AlAs/GaAs quantum wells, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 304 (1994).
L.V. Butov, A. Zrenner, G. Böhm, G. Weimann, Condensation of indirect excitons in coupled AlAs/GaAs quantum wells, Journal de Physique IV 3, 167 (1993).
Excitons and interaction effects in dense electron-hole magnetoplasmas in single QW
L.V. Butov, V.D. Kulakovskii, A. Forchel, Spin splitting renormalization in the neutral dense magnetoplasma in InGaAs/InP quantum wells, Phys. Rev. B 48, 17933 (1993).
L.V. Butov, V.D. Kulakovskii, G.E.W. Bauer, A. Forchel, D. Grützmacher, Excitons in dense two-dimensional electron-hole magnetoplasmas, Phys. Rev. B 46, 12765 (1992).
L.V. Butov, V.D. Egorov, V.D. Kulakovskii, T.G. Anderson, Magnetoluminescence study of many-body effects in a dense electron-hole plasma of strained InxGa1-xAs/GaAs quantum wells, Phys. Rev. B 46, 15156 (1992).
L.V. Butov, V.D. Kulakovskii, E. Lach, A. Forchel, D. Grützmacher, Magnetoluminescence study of many-body effects in homogeneous quasi-two-dimensional electron-hole plasma in undoped InxGa1-xAs/InP quantum wells, Phys. Rev. B 44, 10680 (1991).
L.V. Butov, V.D. Kulakovskii, E.I. Rashba, Excitons and deexcitons in a neutral 2D magnetoplasma with an integer filling of Landau levels: experiment and theory, Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 53, 104 (1991) [Sov. Phys. JETP Lett. 53, 109 (1991)].